Sentry: crash_reporting.go:410: raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×. (1) attached stack trace -- stack trace: | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/log/logcr...

This issue was auto filed by Sentry. It represents a crash or reported error on a live cluster with telemetry enabled.

Sentry Link: [https://cockroach-labs.sentry.io/issues/6862500860/?referrer=webhooks_plugin](https://cockroach-labs.sentry.io/issues/6862500860/?referrer=webhooks_plugin)

Panic Message:

```
crash_reporting.go:410: raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×.
(1) attached stack trace
-- stack trace:
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/log/logcrash.ReportOrPanic
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/log/logcrash/crash_reporting.go:410
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*replicaAppBatch).ApplyToStateMachine
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go:630
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).applyOneBatch
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go:285
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).ApplyCommittedEntries
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go:246
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go:1094
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReady
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go:753
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Store).processReady
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_raft.go:684
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftSchedulerShard).worker
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go:412
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftScheduler).Start.func2
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go:315
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/stop.(*Stopper).RunAsyncTaskEx.func2
| github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/stop/stopper.go:480
| runtime.goexit
| src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:1695
Wraps: (2) secondary error attachment
| raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×.
| (1) assertion failure
| Wraps: (2) attached stack trace
| -- stack trace:
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*replicaAppBatch).ApplyToStateMachine
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go:627
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).applyOneBatch
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go:285
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).ApplyCommittedEntries
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go:246
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go:1094
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReady
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go:753
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Store).processReady
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_raft.go:684
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftSchedulerShard).worker
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go:412
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftScheduler).Start.func2
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go:315
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/stop.(*Stopper).RunAsyncTaskEx.func2
| | github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/stop/stopper.go:480
| | runtime.goexit
| | src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:1695
| Wraps: (3) raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×.
| Error types: (1) *assert.withAssertionFailure (2) *withstack.withStack (3) *errutil.leafError
Wraps: (3) raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×.
Error types: (1) *withstack.withStack (2) *secondary.withSecondaryError (3) *errutil.leafError
-- report composition:
*errutil.leafError: raft closed timestamp regression; replica has: ×, new batch has: ×.
*secondary.withSecondaryError: details for github.com/cockroachdb/errors/withstack/*withstack.withStack:::
crash_reporting.go:410: *withstack.withStack (top exception)
```

Stacktrace (expand for inline code snippets):

[src/runtime/asm_amd64.s#L1694-L1696](src/runtime/asm_amd64.s#L1694-L1696)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/util/stop/stopper.go#L479-L481](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/util/stop/stopper.go#L479-L481)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go#L314-L316](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go#L314-L316)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go#L411-L413](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go#L411-L413)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_raft.go#L683-L685](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_raft.go#L683-L685)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go#L752-L754](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go#L752-L754)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go#L1093-L1095](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go#L1093-L1095)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go#L245-L247](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go#L245-L247)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go#L284-L286](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go#L284-L286)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go#L629-L631](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go#L629-L631)
[https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/util/log/logcrash/crash_reporting.go#L409-L411](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276/pkg/util/log/logcrash/crash_reporting.go#L409-L411)

```
src/runtime/asm_amd64.s in runtime.goexit at line 1695
pkg/util/stop/stopper.go in pkg/util/stop.(*Stopper).RunAsyncTaskEx.func2 at line 480
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftScheduler).Start.func2 at line 315
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/scheduler.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*raftSchedulerShard).worker at line 412
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/store_raft.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Store).processReady at line 684
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReady at line 753
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_raft.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*Replica).handleRaftReadyRaftMuLocked at line 1094
pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go in pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).ApplyCommittedEntries at line 246
pkg/kv/kvserver/apply/task.go in pkg/kv/kvserver/apply.(*Task).applyOneBatch at line 285
pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go in pkg/kv/kvserver.(*replicaAppBatch).ApplyToStateMachine at line 630
pkg/util/log/logcrash/crash_reporting.go in pkg/util/log/logcrash.ReportOrPanic at line 410
```

### Tags

| Tag | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Command | server |
| Environment | v24.1.14 |
| Go Version | go1.22.5 X:nocoverageredesign |
| Platform | linux amd64 |
| Distribution | CCL |
| Cockroach Release | v24.1.14 |
| Cockroach SHA | c8459c085e2258f589949e970a527a0342871276 |
| # of CPUs | 64 |
| # of Goroutines | 792 |

Jira issue: CRDB-54215

Start at pkg/kv/kvserver/pkg/kv/kvserver/replica_app_batch.go:630 and trace the callers in apply/task.go and replica_raft.go. Investigate the reported Raft closed-timestamp regression using the Sentry details and v24.1.14 context, then add appropriate regression coverage. Done means the crash is understood and no longer occurs without introducing a closed-timestamp regression.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.