roachtest: apt_problem failed

**Note:** This build has runtime assertions enabled. If the same failure was hit in a run without assertions enabled, there should be a similar failure without this message. If there isn't one, then this failure is likely due to an assertion violation or (assertion) timeout.

roachtest.apt_problem [failed](https://teamcity.cockroachdb.com/buildConfiguration/Cockroach_Nightlies_RoachtestNightlyGceBazel/19807840?buildTab=log) with [artifacts](https://teamcity.cockroachdb.com/buildConfiguration/Cockroach_Nightlies_RoachtestNightlyGceBazel/19807840?buildTab=artifacts#/jepsen/bank/start-kill-2) on release-24.3.14-rc @ [ea12d5729d66c53565948efdb060b2244f06afe7](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/commits/ea12d5729d66c53565948efdb060b2244f06afe7):

```
test jepsen/bank/start-kill-2 failed: (cluster.go:2474).Run: full command output in run_094158.147641613_n1-6_sh-c-sudo-DEBIANFRON.log: error persisted after 3 attempts: TRANSIENT_ERROR(apt_problem): exit status 100
test artifacts and logs in: /artifacts/jepsen/bank/start-kill-2/run_1
```

Parameters:
- arch=amd64
- cloud=gce
- coverageBuild=false
- cpu=4
- encrypted=false
- fs=ext4
- localSSD=true
- runtimeAssertionsBuild=true
- ssd=0
Help

See: [roachtest README](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/master/pkg/cmd/roachtest/README.md)

See: [How To Investigate \(internal\)](https://cockroachlabs.atlassian.net/l/c/SSSBr8c7)

See: [Grafana](https://go.crdb.dev/roachtest-grafana/teamcity-19807840/jepsen-bank-start-kill-2/1748511601730/1748511920732)

Same failure on other branches

- #147481 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-23.2.26-rc]
- #139470 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-25.1]
- #133528 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-24.3]
- #133525 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-24.2]
- #132737 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-24.1]
- #132063 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-24.2.4-rc]
- #126897 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-23.2]
- #124052 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-master]

/cc @cockroachdb/test-eng

[This test on roachdash](https://roachdash.crdb.dev/?filter=status:open%20t:.*apt_problem.*&sort=title+created&display=lastcommented+project) | [Improve this report!](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/tree/master/pkg/cmd/bazci/githubpost/issues)

Jira issue: CRDB-51075

Start with the run_094158.147641613_n1-6_sh-c-sudo-DEBIANFRON.log artifact and the roachtest README, then inspect cluster.go:2474 and the jepsen/bank/start-kill-2 entry point. Determine why apt exits with status 100 across the related failures and verify the fix against this roachtest.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.