opt: "ambiguous column" error when inserting into table with boolean column with check constraint and partial index predicate

```sql
CREATE TABLE t (
c BOOL,
CHECK (c),
INDEX (c) WHERE c
);

INSERT INTO t VALUES (true);
-- ERROR: column reference "c" is ambiguous (candidates: .c)
```

Another case of this (c must be the PK for this to reproduce):

```sql
CREATE TABLE t (
c BOOL PRIMARY KEY,
CHECK (c),
INDEX (c) WHERE c
);

UPSERT INTO t VALUES (true);
```

Jira issue: CRDB-47980