roachtest: apt_problem failed

roachtest.apt_problem [failed](https://teamcity.cockroachdb.com/buildConfiguration/Cockroach_Nightlies_RoachtestNightlyAzureBazel/17202433?buildTab=log) with [artifacts](https://teamcity.cockroachdb.com/buildConfiguration/Cockroach_Nightlies_RoachtestNightlyAzureBazel/17202433?buildTab=artifacts#/acceptance/build-analyze) on release-24.2.4-rc @ [8140b8e294fb16a293d0aae662bcf5c1d488c852](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/commits/8140b8e294fb16a293d0aae662bcf5c1d488c852):

```
test acceptance/build-analyze failed: (cluster.go:2397).Run: full command output in run_064456.989842405_n1_sudo-aptget-qqy-inst.log: error persisted after 3 attempts: TRANSIENT_ERROR(apt_problem): exit status 100
test artifacts and logs in: /artifacts/acceptance/build-analyze/cpu_arch=arm64/run_1
```

Parameters:
- ROACHTEST_arch=arm64
- ROACHTEST_cloud=azure
- ROACHTEST_coverageBuild=false
- ROACHTEST_cpu=4
- ROACHTEST_encrypted=false
- ROACHTEST_fs=ext4
- ROACHTEST_localSSD=true
- ROACHTEST_runtimeAssertionsBuild=false
- ROACHTEST_ssd=0
Help

See: [roachtest README](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/blob/master/pkg/cmd/roachtest/README.md)

See: [How To Investigate \(internal\)](https://cockroachlabs.atlassian.net/l/c/SSSBr8c7)

_Grafana is not yet available for azure clusters_

Same failure on other branches

- #131488 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-24.1.5-rc]
- #126897 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-23.2]
- #125775 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-release-23.2.7-rc]
- #124052 roachtest: apt_problem failed [O-roachtest O-robot T-testeng X-infra-flake branch-master]

/cc @cockroachdb/test-eng

[This test on roachdash](https://roachdash.crdb.dev/?filter=status:open%20t:.*apt_problem.*&sort=title+created&display=lastcommented+project) | [Improve this report!](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/tree/master/pkg/cmd/bazci/githubpost/issues)

Jira issue: CRDB-42809