sql/cdc: TestChangefeedRandomExpressions/kafka error: cannot subtract infinite dates

Original error: https://teamcity.cockroachdb.com/viewLog.html?buildId=12496837&buildTypeId=Cockroach_BazelEssentialCi&tab=buildResultsDiv

Here's a reduced repro (no artifacts in the build):

```
CREATE TABLE seed (_date DATE, _inet INET);
INSERT INTO seed VALUES ('infinity'::DATE, '0.0.0.0'::INET);
CREATE CHANGEFEED WITH schema_change_policy='stop' AS SELECT rowid FROM seed WHERE (set_masklen(seed._inet::INET, (seed._date::DATE - seed._date::DATE)::INT8::INT8)::INET = seed._inet);

-- Note that the following statement without changefeed doesn't error, because the subtraction is optimized out of the plan.
SELECT rowid FROM seed WHERE (set_masklen(seed._inet::INET, (seed._date::DATE - seed._date::DATE)::INT8::INT8)::INET = seed._inet);
```

I would either expect 1) The subtraction can be removed from the changefeed plan, or 2) The randomized test can tolerate such failures.

Jira issue: CRDB-33219

Start with the TestChangefeedRandomExpressions/kafka case and reproduce the reduced SQL changefeed example using an infinite DATE. Compare the changefeed plan with the standalone SELECT, then determine whether the subtraction should be removed or the randomized test should tolerate the failure. Done means the reported error is handled without breaking the test.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.