Refactor out usages of `extractBindingsOfType` where possible

It's inefficient, but it's at most ~O(15N) given we have a limited number of bindings. I don't think that will matter in practice for real world apps, but I can make an issue to track making this more efficient in future. I don't want to change it in this PR because it'll make the diff much bigger and harder to review

_Originally posted by @penalosa in https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-sdk/pull/12487#discussion_r2783814671_