CI: replace/update Ruby components for managing deb/rpm

We should replace or update Ruby components in CI/CD pipeline for `deb`/`rpm` packages.

Perhaps there's some non-Ruby tooling that would make it easier. Or perhaps we should at least replace the long-unmaintained https://rubygems.org/gems/deb-s3 with the less-recently-unmaintained https://rubygems.org/gems/deb-s3-patched after some security due-diligence on the latter.

Related:
- #1753

Start by locating the CI/CD configuration and the Ruby components used to build or publish deb/rpm packages, then review the related issue #1753. Compare viable non-Ruby tooling with deb-s3 and deb-s3-patched, including security and maintenance status; done means the pipeline uses a documented, supported approach.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.