Add vertex attribute validation to `Material` trait

## What problem does this solve or what need does it fill?

Mesh attributes required by a material are not validated when using a material with a mesh.

## What solution would you like?

Extend the Material trait with something similar to `fn required_mesh_attributes() -> Option>`.

The default behaviour would return `None` and not validate anything. Otherwise, the validation would check that each attributes is present on the mesh and ignore other attributes since passing more attributes should be allowed.

## What alternative(s) have you considered?

N/A

## Additional context

Proposed in https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/6127 by @devil-ira