Can we remove ProtoInfo dependency from cc_shared_library?

See discussion in https://bazelbuild.slack.com/archives/CGA9QFQ8H/p1769609519112949

Following some of the context, it sounds like perhaps the ProtoInfo is not necessary and can be removed? Removing it would allow removing `protobuf` dependency completely from rules_cc.

If we need it to reduce propagation, perhaps rules_cc can define a marker provider that `proto_library` rule can implement, so the module dependency edge goes only one way?

cc @trybka @fmeum @oquenchil @armandomontanez