Validate that libraries peer depend on aws-cdk-lib^ and also dev depend on the same version without the caret

## :rocket: Feature Request

### Affected Languages

- [x] `TypeScript` or `Javascript` - only TS/JS, since this only applies to construct libraries built with JSII
- [ ] `Python`
- [ ] `Java`
- [ ] .NET (`C#`, `F#`, ...)
- [ ] `Go`

### General Information
* **JSII Version:**
* **Platform:**

* [ ] I may be able to implement this feature request

* [ ] This feature might incur a breaking change

### Description

Validate that construct libraries that peer depend on aws-cdk-lib^ should also dev depend on the same version without the caret. So that when construct library authors are working on updates, they can ensure that the updates are compatible with the minimum aws-cdk-lib version they have declared in their peer dependencies.

There have been several complaints that this is easy to get wrong, and the error is not obvious.

### Proposed Solution

Start by locating the existing validation for package peer dependencies and development dependencies in the TypeScript codebase. Trace how dependency versions are read and reported, then confirm that a library using a caret peer dependency is checked against the matching exact development dependency and that mismatches produce a clear validation failure.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.