Bug: docker with aws' `sam build` on M1 for amd64 cannot build

### Disclaimer
This issue is merely for reference purposes. It's not necessarily intended to be used as triaging for fixing.

Reason: This might be a difficult edge case and I don't have a from-scratch-like clean environment to make sure the steps will lead to a failure.

### Description:
Docker build fails when triggered by AWS' `sam build` on Mac M1 with target amd64 (cross-plattform).

Error: ```Build Failed Error: NotFound: content digest sha256:[...]: not found```

Notes:
- The build succeeds if it's directly invoked by `docker build`.
- The build succeeds if the target is arm64
- It's not clear whether this is a sam problem or a docker problem.

Workaround stated at the bottom.

### Steps to reproduce:
- Configuration
- AWS SAM version: *version 1.125.0*
- Host: Mac M1
- [Docker 4.34.3](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/release-notes/#4343) or any other version until 4.29
- Target platform: amd64
- buildkit: activated

#### Files
*template.yaml`
```
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
Description: asdf

Resources:
HjksDataCrawler:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Description: function
FunctionName: AFunction
PackageType: Image
Architectures:
- x86_64
Metadata:
Dockerfile: Dockerfile
DockerContext: ./
```

Dockerfile
```
FROM --platform=linux/amd64 public.ecr.aws/lambda/python:3.11
COPY app.py /var/task
CMD [ "app.lambda_handler" ]
```
(↑ I hope I didn't strip too much)

app.py
```
def lambda_handler():
print("hello world")
```

samconfig.toml
```
version = 0.1
[dev]
[dev.build]
[dev.build.parameters]
region="ap-east-1"
skip_pull_image=true
use_container=true
template = "template.yml"
base_dir = "."

# s3_bucketやimage_repositoryは仮置き
[dev.deploy]
[dev.deploy.parameters]
stack_name = "teststack"
image_repository = # TODO: NEEDS TO BE FILLED IN
region = "ap-east-1"
confirm_changeset = true
capabilities = "CAPABILITY_IAM"
s3_bucket = # TODO: NEEDS TO BE FILLED IN
s3_prefix = "docker_bug_test_m1_x86"
```

#### Command to run
```
export DOCKER_HOST=unix://"$HOME/.docker/run/docker.sock"
sam build --config-env dev
```
Note:
- For the DOCKER_HOST setting you can also use [this more cryptic command, which leads to the same result](https://github.com/aws/aws-sam-cli/issues/4329#issuecomment-1289588827)

### Observed result:
Error output: ```Build Failed Error: NotFound: content digest sha256:[...]: not found```

I can't reproduce the debug output, because I already workaround-ed the problem. 🙏

### Expected result:
Build should succeed.

### Additional environment details (Ex: Windows, Mac, Amazon Linux etc)

1. OS: macOS Sonoma 14.5 (14.5 (23F79))
2. `sam --version`: version 1.125.0
3. AWS region: ap-east-1
4. [Docker 4.34.3](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/release-notes/#4343) or any other version until 4.29

### `sam --info`
```
{
"version": "1.125.0",
"system": {
"python": "3.12.6",
"os": "macOS-14.5-arm64-arm-64bit"
},
"additional_dependencies": {
"docker_engine": "20.10.14",
"aws_cdk": "2.61.1 (build d319d9c)",
"terraform": "Not available"
},
"available_beta_feature_env_vars": [
"SAM_CLI_BETA_FEATURES",
"SAM_CLI_BETA_BUILD_PERFORMANCE",
"SAM_CLI_BETA_TERRAFORM_SUPPORT",
"SAM_CLI_BETA_RUST_CARGO_LAMBDA"
]
}
```

# Workaround
Downgrade to Docker 4.7, downloadable here: https://desktop.docker.com/mac/main/arm64/77141/Docker.dmg
( @Docker maintainers: Please don't remove the download link in order to keep the workaround working 🙏 )