ec2: NatProvider.instanceV2 UserData fails due to dnf race condition

### Describe the bug

When using `NatProvider.instanceV2` to create a NAT instance, the UserData script sometimes fails to install `iptables-services` on Amazon Linux 2023. This is caused by a race condition where another process runs `dnf clean all` during the `yum install` transaction, deleting the downloaded package cache before the installation completes.

The NAT instance becomes non-functional because iptables is not installed and configured.

### Regression Issue

- [ ] Select this option if this issue appears to be a regression.

### Last Known Working CDK Library Version

_No response_

### Expected Behavior

The UserData script generated by `NatProvider.instanceV2` should successfully install `iptables-services` and configure the NAT instance, even when other dnf/yum processes are running during cloud-init.

### Current Behavior

The `yum install iptables-services -y` command fails with the following error:

> [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm'

Subsequent commands also fail:

> Failed to enable unit: Unit file iptables.service does not exist.
Failed to start iptables.service: Unit iptables.service not found.
sudo: /sbin/iptables: command not found

### Reproduction Steps

```typescript
import { NatProvider, InstanceType, InstanceClass, InstanceSize, Vpc } from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-ec2';

const vpc = new Vpc(this, 'Vpc', {
natGatewayProvider: NatProvider.instanceV2({
instanceType: InstanceType.of(InstanceClass.T4G, InstanceSize.NANO),
}),
natGateways: 1,
maxAzs: 2,
});
```

1. Deploy the stack. The race condition sometimes happens (with <10% probability I suppose)
2. SSH into the NAT instance
3. Check /var/log/cloud-init-output.log for iptables installation errors
4. Check /var/log/dnf.log for the race condition evidence

### Possible Solution

Add retry logic to the UserData script to handle transient dnf/yum failures.

### Additional Information/Context

**Root cause analysis from `/var/log/dnf.log`:**

The timeline shows that during the `yum install iptables-services` transaction, another process executed `dnf clean all` which deleted the cached RPM files:

```
01:04:04 - yum install iptables-services -y started
01:04:20 - yum -y remove audit started (separate process, likely Amazon Linux system initialization)
01:04:21 - iptables-services packages downloaded to cache
01:04:22 - dnf clean all executed by another process, removing cached packages
01:04:22 - iptables-services transaction check fails - FileNotFoundError
```

The log shows the exact moment the cache was deleted:

```
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf clean all
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
```

This issue occurs on Amazon Linux 2023 where multiple system initialization scripts run in parallel during cloud-init. The race condition is timing-dependent and may not occur on every deployment, making it difficult to reproduce consistently.

### AWS CDK Library version (aws-cdk-lib)

2.232.2

### AWS CDK CLI version

2.1034.0

### Node.js Version

v24.11.1

### OS

macOS

### Language

TypeScript

### Language Version

_No response_

### Other information

Complete execution logs

cloud-init-output.log
```
[root@ip-10-0-51-107 bin]# cat /var/log/cloud-init-output.log
Cloud-init v. 22.2.2 running 'init' at Mon, 19 Jan 2026 01:04:01 +0000. Up 5.03 seconds.
ci-info: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Net device info+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ci-info: +--------+------+-----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
ci-info: | Device | Up | Address | Mask | Scope | Hw-Address |
ci-info: +--------+------+-----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
ci-info: | ens5 | True | 10.0.51.107 | 255.255.192.0 | global | 06:6e:7f:26:c9:b1 |
ci-info: | ens5 | True | fe80::46e:7fff:fe26:c9b1/64 | . | link | 06:6e:7f:26:c9:b1 |
ci-info: | lo | True | 127.0.0.1 | 255.0.0.0 | host | . |
ci-info: | lo | True | ::1/128 | . | host | . |
ci-info: +--------+------+-----------------------------+---------------+--------+-------------------+
ci-info: ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Route IPv4 info+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
ci-info: | Route | Destination | Gateway | Genmask | Interface | Flags |
ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
ci-info: | 0 | 0.0.0.0 | 10.0.0.1 | 0.0.0.0 | ens5 | UG |
ci-info: | 1 | 10.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.192.0 | ens5 | U |
ci-info: | 2 | 10.0.0.1 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.255 | ens5 | UH |
ci-info: | 3 | 10.0.0.2 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.255 | ens5 | UH |
ci-info: +-------+-------------+----------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
ci-info: +++++++++++++++++++Route IPv6 info+++++++++++++++++++
ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
ci-info: | Route | Destination | Gateway | Interface | Flags |
ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
ci-info: | 0 | fe80::/64 | :: | ens5 | U |
ci-info: | 2 | local | :: | ens5 | U |
ci-info: | 3 | multicast | :: | ens5 | U |
ci-info: +-------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------+
Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:rHFKZ62EYMkXa7Ay/ZdEp9XaxCheuXI/WWekvNm+ABI root@ip-10-0-51-107.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ED25519 256]--+
| . . . o= |
| o + +.++ + .|
| o B +.oE = . o |
| + = +oo= . + o|
| = S+.o o * |
| . X .. = o .|
| o . o . |
| . .|
| ..|
+----[SHA256]-----+
Generating public/private ecdsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:sHwGLhczfG4sOmAc+zXX8Zrlbn0EP99K2Ia6+zy6F80 root@ip-10-0-51-107.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal
The key's randomart image is:
+---[ECDSA 256]---+
| |
| . |
| . B . . |
| . o o @ . o . |
| = . O S . oo o |
| . o = B =.+E.o|
| + o +o+.+|
| . ++o. +|
| *O+..o |
+----[SHA256]-----+
Cloud-init v. 22.2.2 running 'modules:config' at Mon, 19 Jan 2026 01:04:02 +0000. Up 6.42 seconds.
Cloud-init v. 22.2.2 running 'modules:final' at Mon, 19 Jan 2026 01:04:03 +0000. Up 6.90 seconds.
Amazon Linux 2023 repository 81 MB/s | 52 MB 00:00
Amazon Linux 2023 Kernel Livepatch repository 223 kB/s | 28 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
iptables-services noarch 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 18 k
Installing dependencies:
iptables-libs aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 424 k
iptables-nft aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 185 k
iptables-utils aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 43 k
libnetfilter_conntrack aarch64 1.0.8-2.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 58 k
libnfnetlink aarch64 1.0.1-19.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 30 k
libnftnl aarch64 1.2.2-2.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 83 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 7 Packages

Total download size: 841 k
Installed size: 25 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): iptables-services-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.n 352 kB/s | 18 kB 00:00
(2/7): iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch 7.0 MB/s | 424 kB 00:00
(3/7): iptables-nft-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch6 2.8 MB/s | 185 kB 00:00
(4/7): libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.8-2.amzn2023. 2.3 MB/s | 58 kB 00:00
(5/7): iptables-utils-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarc 1.2 MB/s | 43 kB 00:00
(6/7): libnfnetlink-1.0.1-19.amzn2023.0.2.aarch 935 kB/s | 30 kB 00:00
(7/7): libnftnl-1.2.2-2.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rp 2.6 MB/s | 83 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 4.6 MB/s | 841 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm'
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'yum clean packages'.
Failed to enable unit: Unit file iptables.service does not exist.
Failed to start iptables.service: Unit iptables.service not found.
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
sudo: /sbin/iptables: command not found
sudo: /sbin/iptables: command not found
The service command supports only basic LSB actions (start, stop, restart, try-restart, reload, reload-or-restart, try-reload-or-restart, force-reload, status, condrestart). For other actions, please try to use systemctl.
2026-01-19 01:04:23,074 - cc_scripts_user.py[WARNING]: Failed to run module scripts-user (scripts in /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts)
2026-01-19 01:04:23,076 - util.py[WARNING]: Running module scripts-user () failed
Cloud-init v. 22.2.2 finished at Mon, 19 Jan 2026 01:04:23 +0000. Datasource DataSourceEc2. Up 26.76 seconds

[root@ip-10-0-51-107 bin]# cat /var/lib/cloud/instances/i-0dbc85ad8c34169d0/user-data.txt
#!/bin/bash
yum install iptables-services -y
systemctl enable iptables
systemctl start iptables
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" > /etc/sysctl.d/custom-ip-forwarding.conf
sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/custom-ip-forwarding.conf
sudo /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $(route | awk '/^default/{print $NF}') -j MASQUERADE
sudo /sbin/iptables -F FORWARD
```

dnf.log

```

[root@ip-10-0-51-107 bin]# cat /var/log/dnf.log
2026-01-19T01:04:03+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:03+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 51 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum install iptables-services -y
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DDEBUG Base command: install
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['install', 'iptables-services', '-y']
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:04:04+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 26 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum -y remove audit
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Base command: remove
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['-y', 'remove', 'audit']
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 1617 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 16482 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum list installed kernel-livepatch-*
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Base command: list
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['list', 'installed', 'kernel-livepatch-*']
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 137 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:20+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 1069 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG --> Starting dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG --> Finding unneeded leftover dependencies
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package audit.aarch64 3.1.5-1.amzn2023.0.2 will be erased
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG --> Finished dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: depsolve: 41 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Dependencies resolved.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO ================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Removing:
audit aarch64 3.1.5-1.amzn2023.0.2 @System 2.0 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Remove 1 Package

2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Freed space: 2.0 M
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Running transaction check
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Transaction check succeeded.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Running transaction test
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Transaction test succeeded.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction test: 104 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Running transaction
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG RPMDB altered outside of YUM.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction start.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG --> Starting dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package iptables-libs.aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package iptables-nft.aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package iptables-services.noarch 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package iptables-utils.aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package libnetfilter_conntrack.aarch64 1.0.8-2.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package libnfnetlink.aarch64 1.0.1-19.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG ---> Package libnftnl.aarch64 1.2.2-2.amzn2023.0.2 will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG --> Finished dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: depsolve: 69 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Dependencies resolved.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO ================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
iptables-services noarch 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 18 k
Installing dependencies:
iptables-libs aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 424 k
iptables-nft aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 185 k
iptables-utils aarch64 1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 43 k
libnetfilter_conntrack aarch64 1.0.8-2.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 58 k
libnfnetlink aarch64 1.0.1-19.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 30 k
libnftnl aarch64 1.2.2-2.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 83 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 7 Packages

2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Total download size: 841 k
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Installed size: 25 M
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Downloading Packages:
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction over.
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO Total 4.6 MB/s | 841 kB 00:00
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DEBUG Using rpmkeys executable at /usr/bin/rpmkeys to verify signatures
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 28 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG timer: verify transaction: 189 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction: 638 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf clean all
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Base command: clean
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['clean', 'all']
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Cleaning data: packages metadata dbcache
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux.solv
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch.solv
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/comps.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-nft-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-services-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.noarch.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-utils-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/libnetfilter_conntrack-1.0.8-2.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/libnfnetlink-1.0.1-19.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/libnftnl-1.2.2-2.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO 24 files removed
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO Running transaction check
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 SUBDEBUG
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/cli/main.py", line 176, in resolving
base.do_transaction(display=displays)
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/cli/cli.py", line 246, in do_transaction
tid = super(BaseCli, self).do_transaction(display)
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/base.py", line 977, in do_transaction
self.transaction._populate_rpm_ts(self._ts)
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/db/group.py", line 328, in _populate_rpm_ts
hdr = tsi.pkg._header
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/package.py", line 110, in _header
return dnf.rpm._header(self.localPkg())
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf/rpm/__init__.py", line 76, in _header
with open(path) as package:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm'
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 CRITICAL [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/packages/iptables-libs-1.8.8-3.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64.rpm'
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO You can remove cached packages by executing 'yum clean packages'.
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Removed: audit-3.1.5-1.amzn2023.0.2.aarch64
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO Complete!
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 15 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 5 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum -y install /usr/local/chronicle/chronicled.rpm
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Base command: install
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['-y', 'install', '/usr/local/chronicle/chronicled.rpm']
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf check-release-update
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Base command: check-release-update
2026-01-19T01:04:22+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['check-release-update']
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 3 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf clean all
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Base command: clean
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['clean', 'all']
2026-01-19T01:04:23+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 3 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf --debuglevel 2 updateinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG Base command: updateinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['--debuglevel', '2', 'updateinfo']
2026-01-19T01:04:24+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:26+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:29+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:32+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:35+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:38+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 18623 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 3309 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:41+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:01 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:04:41 2026.
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 18076 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG --> Starting dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG ---> Package chronicled.aarch64 2.0.10766.0-1_naws will be installed
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DEBUG --> Finished dependency resolution
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 DDEBUG timer: depsolve: 80 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Dependencies resolved.
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO ================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
chronicled aarch64 2.0.10766.0-1_naws @commandline 19 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package

2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Total size: 19 M
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Installed size: 53 M
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Downloading Packages:
2026-01-19T01:04:42+0000 INFO Running transaction check
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 INFO Transaction check succeeded.
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 INFO Running transaction test
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 INFO Transaction test succeeded.
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction test: 176 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 INFO Running transaction
2026-01-19T01:04:43+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction start.
2026-01-19T01:04:44+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:45+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 28 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf check-release-update
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Base command: check-release-update
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['check-release-update']
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:47+0000 INFO Waiting for process with pid 2404 to finish.
2026-01-19T01:04:49+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction over.
2026-01-19T01:04:49+0000 DDEBUG timer: verify transaction: 80 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:49+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction: 6603 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:49+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DEBUG Installed: chronicled-2.0.10766.0-1_naws.aarch64
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 INFO Complete!
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DEBUG Cleaning data: packages dbcache metadata
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux.solv
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch.solv
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/comps.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 INFO 17 files removed
2026-01-19T01:04:50+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 6 ms
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf makecache --setopt skip_if_unavailable=False
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG Base command: makecache
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['makecache', '--setopt', 'skip_if_unavailable=False']
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG Making cache files for all metadata files.
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: has expired and will be refreshed.
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: has expired and will be refreshed.
2026-01-19T01:04:51+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:06+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:06+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:07+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:07+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 15953 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:07+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:07+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:05:08+0000 INFO Metadata cache created.
2026-01-19T01:05:08+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 18 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf list installed
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Base command: list
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['list', 'installed']
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 115 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf module list --enabled
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Base command: module
2026-01-19T01:05:09+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['module', 'list', '--enabled']
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:03 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:05:07 2026.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 201 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf --available repoquery --queryformat %{NAME}.%{ARCH} %{EVR} %{REPONAME} %{BUILDTIME}
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Base command: repoquery
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['--available', 'repoquery', '--queryformat', '%{NAME}.%{ARCH} %{EVR} %{REPONAME} %{BUILDTIME}']
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:03 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:05:07 2026.
2026-01-19T01:05:10+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 188 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:11+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf updateinfo --all --info --json --quiet
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Base command: updateinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['updateinfo', '--all', '--info', '--json', '--quiet']
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:09 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:05:07 2026.
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 194 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:16+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf updateinfo --all --list --json --quiet
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Base command: updateinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['updateinfo', '--all', '--list', '--json', '--quiet']
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:10 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:05:07 2026.
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 186 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:17+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf clean all
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Base command: clean
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['clean', 'all']
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DEBUG Cleaning data: packages metadata dbcache
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux.solv
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch.solv
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-filenames.solvx
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-updateinfo.solvx
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/amazonlinux-98c6f4d1ac0baa66/repodata/comps.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/mirrorlist
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/repomd.xml
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/primary.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Removing file /var/cache/dnf/kernel-livepatch-0880f278187beb37/repodata/updateinfo.xml.gz
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 INFO 17 files removed
2026-01-19T01:05:20+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 2 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum info amazon-ssm-agent
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG Base command: info
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['info', 'amazon-ssm-agent']
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:21+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:37+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:37+0000 DEBUG repo: downloading from remote: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:37+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:37+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 16305 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:37+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2026-01-19T01:05:38+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2026-01-19T01:05:39+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2026-01-19T01:05:39+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 11 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, release-notification, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, supportinfo
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG YUM version: 4.14.0
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Command: yum info amazon-ssm-agent
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 2023.10.20260105
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Base command: info
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['info', 'amazon-ssm-agent']
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Amazon Linux 2023; generic; Linux.aarch64)'
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: amazonlinux
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG amazonlinux: using metadata from Wed Dec 31 18:33:08 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: kernel-livepatch
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DEBUG kernel-livepatch: using metadata from Mon Dec 29 22:09:30 2025.
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:03 ago on Mon Jan 19 01:05:37 2026.
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 258 ms
2026-01-19T01:05:40+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
```

Start at NatProvider.instanceV2 and the generated user-data.txt shown under /var/lib/cloud/instances; inspect how the yum install and subsequent iptables commands are assembled. Reproduce the provided VPC case and compare cloud-init-output.log with dnf.log. Done means iptables-services installs and the NAT instance completes configuration despite concurrent dnf cleanup.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.