(core): add tag parameter to BundlingDockerImage.from_asset to tag the docker image and keep it cached

It would be nice if the `from_asset` method in `BundlingDockerImage` could accept a tag (or similar) parameter and use that to tag the docker image that it's building.

### Use Case

Currently, the output image is completely untagged, which leads to it getting deleted whenever I run `docker image prune` and then CDK has to rebuild it from scratch the next time I run deploy.

### Proposed Solution

If CDK tags the image, it will keep the latest version (or all if the tag changes) saved locally to act as a build cache for future builds, saving on build time.

### Other

* [ ] :wave: I may be able to implement this feature request
* [ ] :warning: This feature might incur a breaking change

---

This is a :rocket: Feature Request

Start at the BundlingDockerImage.from_asset entry point and trace how its Docker image is built and named. Review related bundling tests if available; done means the method accepts a tag-like parameter and the resulting image remains locally available for later Docker builds.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.