(cli): support Debugging of CDK Code via CLI parameter

### Describe the feature

One of the big advantages of AWS-CDK ist the ability to define (reusable) infrastructure definitions in your favorite programming language. One of the advantages of programming languages is the possibility to debug issues if they arise.

Currently, the AWS-CDK doesn't offer any debugger support out of the box. Only language specific workarounds exist. It would be great to introduce a `--debug-port` parameter in AWS-CDK CLI like the one that is already present in [AWS-SAM CLI](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/serverless-application-model/latest/developerguide/sam-cli-command-reference-sam-local-start-lambda.html).

### Use Case

- Debug code issues
- Don't spend time to search for a debugging solution that works with your favorite programming language

### Proposed Solution

_No response_

### Other Information

_No response_

### Acknowledgements

- [ ] I may be able to implement this feature request
- [ ] This feature might incur a breaking change

### CDK version used

2.1010.0

### Environment details (OS name and version, etc.)

All OS