Verbose option for CLI

### Before opening, please confirm:

- [X] I have installed the latest version of the Amplify CLI (see above), and confirmed that the issue still persists.
- [X] I have [searched for duplicate or closed issues](https://github.com/aws-amplify/amplify-cli/issues?q=is%3Aissue+).
- [X] I have read the guide for [submitting bug reports](https://github.com/aws-amplify/amplify-cli/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#bug-reports).
- [X] I have done my best to include a minimal, self-contained set of instructions for consistently reproducing the issue.

### How did you install the Amplify CLI?

npm

### If applicable, what version of Node.js are you using?

16.3.0

### Amplify CLI Version

4.51.4

### What operating system are you using?

Wdinows

### Amplify Categories

Not applicable

### Amplify Commands

Not applicable

### Describe the bug

https://github.com/aws-amplify/amplify-cli/issues/501 was locked, but was never fully resolved (see followup discussion on the issue).

In my particular case, I'm facing this error:

```
UPDATE_FAILED GraphQLSchema AWS::AppSync::GraphQLSchema Sat Jun 12 2021 10:42:30 GMT-0700 (Pacific Daylight Time) The specified key does not exist. (Service: Amazon S3; Status Code: 404; Error Code: NoSuchKey; Request ID: ; S3 Extended Request ID: ; Proxy: null)
```

and I'm having to manually debug into the CLI to see what the request is actually trying to do in order to have a hint of how to fix it.

### Expected behavior

There should be a --verbose option on the CLI

### Reproduction steps

N/A

### GraphQL schema(s)

_No response_

### Log output

_No response_

### Additional information

_No response_

The issue names only the Amplify CLI and provides no files or tests, so start by locating the CLI entry point and its existing logging behavior. Define completion as a documented --verbose option that exposes useful diagnostic details for failures such as the reported AppSync and S3 error, then verify it against the CLI help and a reproduced failure.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.