Add `compound` function

IEEE 754 recommends (but does not require) a `compound` function, which is in the process of being standardized for C and C++; we should expose it in swift-numerics. The simplest, most literal translation of the operation into Swift would be:

```swift
extension RealFunctions {
/// (1+x)ⁿ
///
/// Returns NaN if x < -1.
static func compound(_ x: Self, _ n: Int) -> Self {
// not quite production-quality implementation
// (good for well-scaled results, loses precision
// near overflow and underflow, also misbehaves
// when n cannot be represented as Self).
exp(Self(n) * log(onePlus: x))
}
}
```

A good implementation is somewhat subtle, but we can come up with a good solution. I'm initially mainly interested in feedback on what the API should look like for this operation, both the naming and whether to put it on RealFunctions or ElementaryFunctions (where it can also be defined).

Review the proposed compound API and compare whether it belongs on RealFunctions or ElementaryFunctions. Check the IEEE 754 recommendation and the related C and C++ standardization context first. Done means reaching agreement on the name, placement, and behavior before implementing the numerically robust operation.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.