SQLite files are artificially limited to around 4TB but up to 16TB is supported (with 4k pages)

There should be a server knob, probably `SQLITE_MAX_FILE_SIZE` which is used to calculate and set the SQLite max page count during initialization. Another option would be `SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_COUNT` which more directly maps to the SQLite option but it's more awkward to reason about since people usually think in terms of disk space.

I think it would be fine to use SQLite's max supported file size with 4k pages, `4096 * (2^32 - 2)`, which is about 16TB. The knob's existence allows it to be lowered in case a user wants to limit usage of a disk volume to some size.

Also, in `VFSAsync.cpp` this new knob should be obeyed when increasing file size.