New workload: NOAA (daily weather measurements)

Port the OSB `noaa` workload. US Government public domain dataset of NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network records 2014–2016. Dense numeric and date range queries with aggregations — complements `nyc_taxis` without dataset overlap.

## Tasks
- Convert OSB workload using `solr-orbit convert-workload`
- Adapt schema (temperature fields, nested station metadata, date)
- Define operations: date range, temperature range, faceting
- Add 1k sample corpus for test-mode
- Check whether any operations belong in `common_operations/` rather than this workload

**Depends on:** [solr-orbit-workloads#3](https://github.com/apache/solr-orbit-workloads/issues//3) (ASF dataset hosting must be resolved before corpus files can be finalised)

## References
- OSB workload: https://github.com/opensearch-project/opensearch-benchmark-workloads/tree/main/noaa
- Creating workloads: https://github.com/apache/solr-orbit/blob/main/CREATE_WORKLOAD_GUIDE.md

Start with CREATE_WORKLOAD_GUIDE.md and the OSB noaa workload, then run solr-orbit convert-workload. Check the dependency issue #3 before finalising corpus files. Done means the converted workload has the adapted schema, defined operations, a 1k test-mode corpus, and any reusable operations placed in common_operations/.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.