[Bug] within given timeout

### Search before asking

- [X] I searched in the [issues](https://github.com/apache/pulsar/issues) and found nothing similar.

### Version

2.10.2

### Minimal reproduce step

produce one message per minute, probability of production failure。got exceptional within given timeout and cannot consume the failure messages.

produce timeout is default 30s
batchingMaxPublishDelay is 50ms

### What did you expect to see?

produce success

### What did you see instead?

org.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClientException$TimeoutException: The producer pulsar-6-11424 can not send message to the topic persistent://xxx/default/xxx-partition-3 within given timeout

### Anything else?

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit a PR?

- [ ] I'm willing to submit a PR!

No source file, test, or entry point is named. Start by reproducing the issue on Pulsar 2.10.2 with a message produced about once per minute, the default 30-second timeout, and batchingMaxPublishDelay set to 50ms; investigate the producer timeout and failure-message consumption behavior. Done means the reported timeout is explained and the expected successful produce behavior is covered by a regression test.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.