[Feature] Refactor the recording method of snapshot linear history

### Search before asking

- [X] I searched in the [issues](https://github.com/apache/incubator-paimon/issues) and found nothing similar.

### Motivation

Apache Paimon currently uses the file prefix and file system List command to manage the linear history of snapshots, but this method has the following drawbacks:

- It is not friendly with object storage, where operations such as List\Rename are very expensive.
- This method has a single linear relationship, which is not conducive to creating complex relationships, such as create a new branch\tag.

### Solution

Store the file path of the previous Snapshot directly in the Snapshot object.

### Anything else?

While we can easily manage snapshot linear history, we can implement many advanced features based on it, such as Branch.

### Are you willing to submit a PR?

- [X] I'm willing to submit a PR!

Start by tracing how the current snapshot linear history uses file prefixes and filesystem List/Rename operations, then inspect the Snapshot object described in the proposal. Done means the previous Snapshot file path is stored directly and history no longer depends on listing or renaming files, while supporting the proposed branch and tag relationships.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.