[Improvement] Support properties for Column

### What would you like to be improved?

Add column properties to save useful information. In data governance, sometimes we need information about certain fields, such as their privacy level. We can save this information in metadata for better governance operations.

### How should we improve?

add `Map properties` to `org.apache.gravitino.rel.Column`.

Start by locating org.apache.gravitino.rel.Column and inspecting its implementations and usages to understand how column metadata is represented. Done when Column supports the requested Map properties without breaking its existing API, with relevant project checks passing.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.