[EPIC] Support manage vector database as a new kind of catalog

### Describe the proposal

This issue tracks the work of managing new vector type data from vector database as a new kind of catalog. Currently, it is still in a very preliminary stage, so I'd create an issue to collect feedbacks from the community.

### Task list

N/A

The issue provides only a preliminary proposal and no files, tests, or entry points. Start by reviewing the proposal and the community feedback, then define the concrete implementation tasks and acceptance criteria needed for vector-database catalog support.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.