[Improvement] Size of Gravitino Docker image is too large

### What would you like to be improved?

Gravitino Docker image takes 1.39GB, and `.jar` files in catalogs takes almost 1GB,
I think it's possible to improve this by letting user to download catalogs jars at runtime, because not all users needs all catalogs.

Reference:
- [Docker hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/datastrato/gravitino/tags)

Related Issue:
- #2925

c.c. @xunliu

### How should we improve?

_No response_

Start by inspecting the repository's Docker image build and how catalog JARs are packaged; the issue does not name specific files or tests. Compare the image contents with the Docker Hub image and review related issue #2925. Done means catalog JARs are not all bundled by default and users can obtain needed catalogs at runtime without breaking supported usage.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.