[Improvement] Add build artifacts to .gitignore

### What would you like to be improved?

Problem:
While running tests in local, we got bunch of files generated by tests,
and its very easy to commit them accidentally.

Solution:

Add them to `.gitignore`.

e.g.

```
catalogs/bundled-catalog/.classpath
catalogs/bundled-catalog/.factorypath
catalogs/bundled-catalog/.project
catalogs/bundled-catalog/.settings/
catalogs/catalog-hadoop/.classpath
catalogs/catalog-hadoop/.factorypath
catalogs/catalog-hadoop/.project
catalogs/catalog-hadoop/.settings/
catalogs/catalog-hadoop/bin/
catalogs/catalog-hive/.classpath
catalogs/catalog-hive/.factorypath
catalogs/catalog-hive/.project
catalogs/catalog-hive/.settings/
catalogs/catalog-hive/bin/
catalogs/catalog-jdbc-common/.classpath
catalogs/catalog-jdbc-common/.factorypath
catalogs/catalog-jdbc-common/.project
catalogs/catalog-jdbc-common/.settings/
catalogs/catalog-jdbc-doris/.classpath
... more
```

### How should we improve?

_No response_

Start by reviewing the repository’s existing .gitignore and compare it with the generated paths listed in the issue. Run the local tests that produce these files, then confirm the listed artifacts are ignored and no longer appear as accidental changes in git status.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.