SQL query returns StackOverFlowError

SQL query returns StackOverFlowError

### Affected Version

0.18.1

### Description

Druid SQL queries sometimes would return StackOverflowError like the following example:

```
SELECT STDDEV( ( lo_partkey ) ) FILTER ( WHERE ( ( lo_orderdate ) < ( lo_linenumber * lo_partkey ) ) ) AS C1
FROM ssb1x
WHERE ( ( __time ) <> ( __time ) )
GROUP BY CUBE ( lo_orderkey )
HAVING COUNT( ( lo_orderkey ) ) != 0
ORDER BY 1
LIMIT 100

javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.StackOverflowError
```

The stack trace from the broker log shows:

```
Caused by: java.lang.StackOverflowError
at org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Values.estimateRowCount(Values.java:170) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:210) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:70) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:131) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:70) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistinctRowCount.getDistinctRowCount(RelMdDistinctRowCount.java:75) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdDistinctRowCount.getDistinctRowCount(RelMdDistinctRowCount.java:266) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_DistinctRowCount.getDistinctRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_DistinctRowCount.getDistinctRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getDistinctRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:774) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:194) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:70) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdUtil.estimateFilteredRows(RelMdUtil.java:750) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMdRowCount.getRowCount(RelMdRowCount.java:122) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount_$(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at GeneratedMetadataHandler_RowCount.getRowCount(Unknown Source) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery.getRowCount(RelMetadataQuery.java:225) ~[calcite-core-1.21.0.jar:1.21.0]

....
```

This may be related to https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-2057, but we don't know for sure until further investigation is done.

Reproduce the SQL query against Druid 0.18.1 and inspect the broker stack trace around Calcite's RelMdRowCount, RelMdDistinctRowCount, RelMetadataQuery, and Values. Determine why metadata estimation recurses for this query and verify that the query no longer produces StackOverflowError.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.