[Bug] Inconsistent query results of bigint/float/decimal columns data

### Search before asking

- [x] I had searched in the [issues](https://github.com/apache/doris/issues?q=is%3Aissue) and found no similar issues.

### Version

3.x/4.x

### What's Wrong?

After a big value is written to the bigint/float/decimal field, the data in the table is different from the written data.
Reproduce:
`CREATE TABLE doris_tb (
id int,
p_date datetime,
col_boolean boolean,
col_tinyint tinyint,
col_smallint smallint,
col_int int,
col_bigint bigint,
col_largeint largeint,
col_float float,
col_double double,
col_decimal decimal,
col_date date,
col_datetime datetime,
col_char char,
col_varchar varchar,
col_string string
)
DUPLICATE KEY(id)
PARTITION BY RANGE (`p_date`)
(
PARTITION `p202604` VALUES LESS THAN ("2026-04-01")
)
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`id`) BUCKETS 3

insert into doris_tb values(50,'2026-03-18 11:13:06',0,51,8861,679723886,758976852246895286,894552277247571196185326386461199446,6375.4748,12593319.51555914,2735863834592148.7667835213182659,'2026-03-18,''2026-03-18 11:13:06','8','qs7qkmvcAtvgKVYJ61NTTAWbNMmClz11Uqd9ZwSpOxzD2Floul','R7yEXZpPZllKXwLw3gF1SDGbPWOwPzlS9AlSI0m7Yz7LGJZkdH');

QueryResult:


`

### What You Expected?

We need fux this issue, keeps query result same to write data

### How to Reproduce?

_No response_

### Anything Else?

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [ ] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [x] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://www.apache.org/foundation/policies/conduct)