[Improvement][Master] Check if the WorkflowGrapth is a dag at constructor

### Search before asking

- [x] I had searched in the [issues](https://github.com/apache/dolphinscheduler/issues?q=is%3Aissue) and found no similar feature requirement.

### Description

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit a PR?

- [x] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [x] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://www.apache.org/foundation/policies/conduct)

Start by locating the WorkflowGraph class and its constructor in the Java source, then read how workflow edges and validation are currently handled. The issue provides no file or test entry point, so confirm the intended behavior with the issue thread; done means construction checks whether the graph is a DAG and has coverage for cyclic input.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.