panic: date_bin overflows scaling extreme Time64(Microsecond) source

### Describe the bug

`date_bin` panics during planning/constant folding when scaling an extreme `Time64(Microsecond)` source value.

### To Reproduce

```sql
EXPLAIN SELECT date_bin(
INTERVAL '1 microsecond',
arrow_cast(9223372036854775807, 'Time64(Microsecond)'),
arrow_cast(0, 'Time64(Microsecond)')
);
```

### Actual behavior

```text
thread 'main' panicked at datafusion/functions/src/datetime/date_bin.rs:669:56:
attempt to multiply with overflow
```

### Expected behavior

Return a DataFusion error for the out-of-range time conversion, not a panic.

Reproduce the EXPLAIN query from the issue, then inspect datafusion/functions/src/datetime/date_bin.rs around line 669 and trace the date_bin constant-folding path. Done means the extreme Time64(Microsecond) input returns a DataFusion error for the out-of-range conversion instead of panicking.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.