Another way to get the possible return type of function for information_schema

### Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge?

As mentioned https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/13717#discussion_r1880565471, `return_type` could be deprecated by #13717. We should try to use `return_type_from_exprs` or another method for the information_schema table instead.
The challenge with using `return_type_from_exprs` is that the record generation of `routines` or `parameters` won't have the required expression arguments for it. 🤔

### Describe the solution you'd like

_No response_

### Describe alternatives you've considered

_No response_

### Additional context

_No response_

Start with the discussion in PR #13717 and inspect how the information_schema routines or parameters records currently obtain return types. Determine how to avoid the deprecated return_type API when record generation lacks the expression arguments required by return_type_from_exprs; done means the information_schema tables still produce the required return-type information through an agreed approach.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.