Table Provider API

### What is the problem the feature request solves?

We have different scan type support requests.
E.g. https://github.com/apache/datafusion-comet/issues/4632
Delta

### Describe the potential solution

Abstract the current APIs so that we can support more data sources

### Additional context

_No response_

Start by reading issue #4632 and locating the current table provider APIs in the repository. Determine which existing scan-type and data-source assumptions must be abstracted, and treat support for additional data sources as done only when the proposed API accommodates them without the current provider-specific coupling.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.