Completion of error handling

Would you like to add more error handling for return values from functions like the following?
* [atexit](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atexit.html "Register a function to run at process termination") ⇒ [make_thread_atexit_key](https://github.com/apache/brpc/blob/ced4c70404a7ea46451a895e06240636914c92ac/src/butil/thread_local.cpp#L89)
* [malloc](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/malloc.html "Memory allocation") ⇒ [Arena::allocate_new_block](https://github.com/apache/brpc/blob/60159fc3f3e13490fb9806ea0a0cb0dcdbda7f7d/src/butil/arena.cpp#L66)
* [pthread_mutex_init](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_init.html "Initialize a mutex") ⇒ [InfoThread constructor](https://github.com/apache/brpc/blob/60159fc3f3e13490fb9806ea0a0cb0dcdbda7f7d/tools/rpc_replay/info_thread.cpp#L22)

Start by reviewing the linked call sites in src/butil/thread_local.cpp, src/butil/arena.cpp, and tools/rpc_replay/info_thread.cpp, along with the referenced POSIX function documentation. Determine how failures from atexit, malloc, and pthread_mutex_init should be handled in each context. Done means the requested return-value error handling is consistently addressed and the relevant behavior is verified.

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