No Information of failed Query in JdbcIO

I've created a query and send it with JdbcIO to the database. 

There was a syntax error in this query. But I got no exception or something else. JdbcIO gets an empty resultset and ignores the syntax error. 

This could be improved. To find this error cost several days. 

Imported from Jira [BEAM-12443](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-12443). Original Jira may contain additional context.
Reported by: dominic.warzok.

Start by locating JdbcIO's query execution path and reproducing the reported syntax-error case against a database. Trace why the failure becomes an empty result set; done means the database error is surfaced to the caller with useful information, with a regression test covering the behavior.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.