Flink runner supports cluster-wide artifact deployments through the Distributed Cache

As of now, Flink effectively has a dependency on an external storage system for artifact management. This is because the Flink Distributed Cache does not actually distribute and cache blobs itself, but rather expects that each node in a running cluster has access to a well-known artifact resource.

We should get this for free whenever [https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/5580](https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/5580) is merged (likely in 1.5). For now, we will have to defer to external storage systems like GCS or HDFS.

Imported from Jira [BEAM-4063](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-4063). Original Jira may contain additional context.
Reported by: bsidhom.