Attach Python logging messages to namespaced logger

The python SDK currently uses `logging.(info|error|debug|etc)` for log messages. This can be disruptive or unexpected when integrating the SDK into existing applications.

I would like to request updating the SDK to enforce automatic module based namespaces in python code (i.e. `logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)`) so that all `apache_beam` output can be controlled by an integrating application without the need to modify the root logging configuration.

I'd be happy to submit a PR for this myself.

Imported from Jira [BEAM-3523](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-3523). Original Jira may contain additional context.
Reported by: amilstead.

Locate the Python SDK code that currently calls logging.info, logging.error, logging.debug, and related functions; no specific files or tests are named in the issue. Determine the scope of those calls and verify that Apache Beam output can be controlled through module-based logger names without changing an application's root logging configuration.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.