[Python][Packaging] Merge Windows wheels base and test base images into a single image

### Describe the enhancement requested

We are using two different base images for Windows wheels one for building and one for base.

Those two images can have the following similarities:
- install visual studio code
- install pymanager to manage the python versions
The differences:
- build requires vcpkg dependencies
- test requires minio and gcs

The image will get cached so both the specific build image and the specific test image can reuse it avoiding building a new base, installing visual studio and pymanager again and having to support the same on two images.

Related discussion about simplifying the setup / removing images:
- https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/48987

### Component(s)

Python, Packaging