[C++][Acero] Add support for `StructType` for non-key fields in joins

### Describe the enhancement requested

Similarly to #43716, it would be useful to support fields with struct types in joins.

Here is similar pyarrow code to that shared by Anja in the other issue to illustrate this case:
```
import pyarrow as pa
import pyarrow.acero as acero

# ---

table_1 = pa.table({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": ["x", "y", "z"]})
table_1_node = acero.Declaration(
"table_source", options=acero.TableSourceNodeOptions(table_1)
)

table_2 = pa.table(
{"a": [1, 2, 3], "c": [{"x": 1, "y": 2}, {"x": 2, "y": 2}, {"x": 3, "y": 2}]}
)
table_2_node = acero.Declaration(
"table_source", options=acero.TableSourceNodeOptions(table_2)
)

expected = pa.table(
{
"a": [1, 2, 3],
"b": ["x", "y", "z"],
"c": [{"x": 1, "y": 2}, {"x": 2, "y": 2}, {"x": 3, "y": 2}],
}
)

# ---

hash_join_options = acero.HashJoinNodeOptions(
"left outer", left_keys=["a"], right_keys=["a"]
)

join_node = acero.Declaration(
"hashjoin", options=hash_join_options, inputs=[table_1_node, table_2_node]
)

result = join_node.to_table()

assert result == expected
```
When run, the join operation raises the following error:
```
result = join_node.to_table()
File "pyarrow/_acero.pyx", line 592, in pyarrow._acero.Declaration.to_table
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 155, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 92, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Data type struct is not supported in join non-key field c
```

I _think_ addressing this may depend on #45001, but I am not positive

### Component(s)

C++