[R][C++] terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::length_error'

### Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

# Problem

I'm using {arrow} as a dependency in my package [{geocodebr}](https://ipeagit.github.io/geocodebr/). In one particular case, I use {arrow} to keep only the distinct rows of a large table originally with `50,240,061` rows. When I run the code of the reprex (see below), it simply crashes Rstudio. When I use this code inside my package, though, it throws the following error messag, which seems to come from an error in C++:

> terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::length_error'
what(): vector::_M_default_append

ps. I just wanted to add that {arrow} is an incredible package and that the R community really appreciates your work on it ! Thanks !

# Reprex
```
remotes::install_github("ipeaGIT/geocodebr")

library(geocodebr)
library(dplyr)
library(arrow)

# download parquet file
geocodebr::download_cnefe(tabela = 'municipio_logradouro_numero_cep_localidade')

path_to_parquet <- geocodebr::listar_dados_cache()[1]

key_cols <- c("estado", "municipio", "logradouro", "numero", "cep" )

unique_logradouros <- arrow::open_dataset(path_to_parquet) |>
dplyr::select(dplyr::all_of(key_cols)) |>
dplyr::distinct() |>
dplyr::compute()

## remove files from cache
# geocodebr::deletar_pasta_cache()
```

This error only occurs when I use all five key columns. When I remove the column `"numero"`, though, it works fine.

`key_cols <- c("estado", "municipio", "logradouro", "numero", "cep" )`

# Environment

I'm running this on machine with 250GB of RAM. I'm using the latest version of {arrow} in a Windows OS. See below.

```
> sessionInfo()
R version 4.3.2 (2023-10-31 ucrt)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows Server 2022 x64 (build 20348)

Matrix products: default

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.utf8 LC_CTYPE=English_United States.utf8
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.utf8 LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.utf8

time zone: America/Sao_Paulo
tzcode source: internal

attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base

other attached packages:
[1] arrow_19.0.1 dplyr_1.1.4 geocodebr_0.2.0 testthat_3.2.3

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] rappdirs_0.3.3 generics_0.1.3 class_7.3-22 KernSmooth_2.23-22 digest_0.6.37
[6] magrittr_2.0.3 grid_4.3.2 nanoarrow_0.6.0 pkgload_1.4.0 fastmap_1.2.0
[11] rprojroot_2.0.4 pkgbuild_1.4.6 sessioninfo_1.2.3 e1071_1.7-16 backports_1.5.0
[16] brio_1.1.5 DBI_1.2.3 urlchecker_1.0.1 promises_1.3.2 purrr_1.0.4
[21] httr2_1.1.1 duckdb_1.2.0 cli_3.6.4 shiny_1.10.0 rlang_1.1.5
[26] units_0.8-7 ellipsis_0.3.2 bit64_4.6.0-1 remotes_2.5.0 withr_3.0.2
[31] cachem_1.1.0 devtools_2.4.5 parallel_4.3.2 tools_4.3.2 sfheaders_0.4.4
[36] memoise_2.0.1 checkmate_2.3.2 httpuv_1.6.15 curl_6.2.1 assertthat_0.2.1
[41] vctrs_0.6.5 R6_2.6.1 mime_0.12 proxy_0.4-27 classInt_0.4-11
[46] lifecycle_1.0.4 bit_4.6.0 fs_1.6.5 htmlwidgets_1.6.4 usethis_3.1.0
[51] miniUI_0.1.1.1 pkgconfig_2.0.3 desc_1.4.3 pillar_1.10.1 later_1.4.1
[56] data.table_1.17.0 glue_1.8.0 profvis_0.4.0 Rcpp_1.0.14 sf_1.0-19
[61] tibble_3.2.1 tidyselect_1.2.1 rstudioapi_0.17.1 xtable_1.8-4 htmltools_0.5.8.1
[66] compiler_4.3.2 enderecobr_0.4.1
```

### Component(s)

R, C++