[C++] Unable to build on AL2023 directly with use of system libraries

### Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

I was trying to build arrow on AL2023 (https://hub.docker.com/_/amazonlinux/):

Even though I have development packages for utf8proc installed they are not detected by cmake.

```
-- Providing CMake module for Findlz4Alt as part of Arrow CMake package
-- Using pkg-config package for liblz4 that is used by arrow for static link
-- Providing CMake module for FindzstdAlt as part of Arrow CMake package
-- Using pkg-config package for libzstd that is used by arrow for static link
-- Found Zstandard: zstd::libzstd_shared
-- Providing CMake module for Findre2Alt as part of Arrow CMake package
-- Using pkg-config package for bzip2 that is used by arrow for static link
CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:230 (message):
Could NOT find utf8proc: Found unsuitable version "", but required is at
least "2.2.0" (found utf8proc_LIB-NOTFOUND)
Call Stack (most recent call first):
/usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:592 (_FPHSA_FAILURE_MESSAGE)
cmake_modules/Findutf8proc.cmake:107 (find_package_handle_standard_args)
cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake:307 (find_package)
cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake:2706 (resolve_dependency)
CMakeLists.txt:542 (include)

-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/opt/app/arrow/cpp/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/opt/app/arrow/cpp/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
```

```
(pyarrow-dev) (base) bash-5.2# rpm -q utf8proc-devel --list
/usr/include/utf8proc.h
/usr/lib64/libutf8proc.so
/usr/lib64/pkgconfig/libutf8proc.pc
```

```
(pyarrow-dev) (base) bash-5.2# rpm -q utf8proc --list
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/70
/usr/lib/.build-id/70/8829725149bfd820f0c2a4e30d25253e7f4fd9
/usr/lib64/libutf8proc.so.2
/usr/lib64/libutf8proc.so.2.4.1
/usr/share/doc/utf8proc
/usr/share/doc/utf8proc/LICENSE.md
/usr/share/doc/utf8proc/NEWS.md
/usr/share/doc/utf8proc/README.md
```

```
(pyarrow-dev) (base) bash-5.2# pkg-config libutf8proc --libs
-lutf8proc
```

I was trying to define:
export utf8proc_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include
export utf8proc_ROOT=/usr/lib64
export utf8proc_LIB=/usr/lib64/libutf8proc.so

### Component(s)

C++