[C++][Python] pyarrow.dataset.write_dataset does not store fields metadata

### Describe the usage question you have. Please include as many useful details as possible.

Hello,
I noticed that `pyarrow.dataset.write_dataset` does not store field metadata. Could you please, tell me if it is expected behavior?

I am using pyarrow version 10.0.1. I also tried 11.0.0, and the behavior is the same.

```
import pandas as pd
import pyarrow as pa
import pyarrow.dataset

df = pd.DataFrame({'year': [2020, 2022, 2019, 2021],
'n_legs': [2, 4, 5, 100],
'animals': ["Flamingo", "Horse", "Brittle stars", "Centipede"]})
schema = pa.schema([
pa.field('year', pa.int16(), metadata={"123": b"123"}),
pa.field('n_legs', pa.int64()),
pa.field('animals', pa.string())],
metadata={"xyz": b"xyz"})
t = pa.Table.from_pandas(df, schema)
print(t.field(0).metadata)
# prints {b'123': b'123'}

pyarrow.dataset.write_dataset(
data=t,
base_dir="xyz",
schema=t.schema,
format="arrow",
)
```
Then load the stored file

```
with pa.memory_map("xyz/part-0.arrow", "r") as source:
table = pa.ipc.open_file(source).read_all()
print(table.field(0).metadata)
# prints None
print(table.schema.metadata)
# prints {b'xyz': b'xyz', b'pandas': ... }
```

As you can see above, schema metadata are preserved.

### Component(s)

Python

Reproduce the issue with the provided Python example, starting at the pyarrow.dataset.write_dataset entry point and checking the stored file with pa.ipc.open_file. Done means field metadata is preserved in the Arrow file as schema metadata already is, with a regression test covering the reported schema.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.