[C++] Add an option for the order by node to be stable

### Describe the enhancement requested

This will require support for ARROW-17762 first and only makes sense if there is some kind of existing (even the implicit) ordering. We can resequence as we accumulate and then sort the sequenced batches and we should get stable results if we use a stable sort.

### Component(s)

C++

Start by reviewing ARROW-17762 and the existing order-by node implementation to understand the required prerequisite and current ordering behavior. Determine how an option should control stable ordering, then verify that accumulated and sorted batches preserve the existing order when keys compare equally.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.