[Python] OSError: List index overflow.

Hello,

I am storing pandas dataframe as .parquet with pd.to_parquet and then try to load them back with pd.read_parquet.
I am experiencing some error for which I do not find solution and would kindly ask for help to solve this please ...

Here is the trace:

```
File "/home/gnlzm/miniconda3/envs/antidoto/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py", line 493, in read_parquet
return impl.read(
File "/home/gnlzm/miniconda3/envs/antidoto/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py", line 240, in read
result = self.api.parquet.read_table(
File "/home/gnlzm/miniconda3/envs/antidoto/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyarrow/parquet/__init__.py", line 2827, in read_table
return dataset.read(columns=columns, use_threads=use_threads,
File "/home/gnlzm/miniconda3/envs/antidoto/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyarrow/parquet/__init__.py", line 2473, in read
table = self._dataset.to_table(
File "pyarrow/_dataset.pyx", line 331, in pyarrow._dataset.Dataset.to_table
File "pyarrow/_dataset.pyx", line 2577, in pyarrow._dataset.Scanner.to_table
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 144, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 115, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
OSError: List index overflow.
```

If I store a small dataframe, I do not face this error.
If I store a larger dataframe with e.g. 295.912.999 rows then I get this error.

However before saving it, I print the index range and it is bound in 0 295912998.
Whether I save the .parquet with index=True or False gives the same error but I do not understand why there is an overflow on the bounded index ...

Any hints are much appreciated, thanks !

Reproduce the failure with a large dataframe using pandas.io.parquet.py and the pyarrow parquet read path shown in the traceback. Compare small and large round trips, then trace where the list index overflow occurs; done means the large dataframe can be written and read successfully without the OSError, with coverage for the failing size range.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.