Support sync read for the page cache decode improvement.

**Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge? Please describe what you are trying to do.**

We support async read for page cache, details:
https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/pull/6921

We also need to support sync read, so i create this ticket.

**Describe the solution you'd like**

**Describe alternatives you've considered**

**Additional context**

Start by reading the async page-cache implementation described in PR #6921 and trace its read path. Add the corresponding synchronous page-cache read support, then verify that sync reads provide the same page-cache decode improvement as the async path.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.