[CI][JS] Javascript Release verification tests are extremely slow

### Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

In the release verification builds, the Javascript tests are extremely slow.
For example, in the build below, the tests took **an entire hour**.
https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/6447710112/job/17504244473#step:6:737

```console
$ cross-env NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1 gulp test
[12:55:48] Using gulpfile /arrow/js/gulpfile.js
[12:55:48] Starting 'test'...
[12:55:48] Starting 'test:ts'...
[13:01:11] Finished 'test:ts' after 5.38 min
[13:01:11] Starting 'test:src'...
[13:07:11] Finished 'test:src' after 5.98 min
[13:07:11] Starting 'test:apache-arrow'...
[13:12:16] Finished 'test:apache-arrow' after 5.08 min
[13:12:16] Starting 'test:es5:cjs'...
[13:17:17] Finished 'test:es5:cjs' after 5 min
[13:17:17] Starting 'test:es2015:cjs'...
[13:22:10] Finished 'test:es2015:cjs' after 4.87 min
[13:22:10] Starting 'test:esnext:cjs'...
[13:26:46] Finished 'test:esnext:cjs' after 4.6 min
[13:26:46] Starting 'test:es5:esm'...
[13:32:12] Finished 'test:es5:esm' after 5.43 min
[13:32:12] Starting 'test:es2015:esm'...
[13:37:29] Finished 'test:es2015:esm' after 5.27 min
[13:37:29] Starting 'test:esnext:esm'...
[13:42:37] Finished 'test:esnext:esm' after 5.13 min
[13:42:37] Starting 'test:es5:umd'...
[13:46:40] Finished 'test:es5:umd' after 4.03 min
[13:46:40] Starting 'test:es2015:umd'...
[13:50:29] Finished 'test:es2015:umd' after 3.82 min
[13:50:29] Starting 'test:esnext:umd'...
[13:54:16] Finished 'test:esnext:umd' after 3.77 min
[13:54:16] Finished 'test' after 58 min
Done in 3509.95s.
```

### Component(s)

Continuous Integration, JavaScript, Release