Upgrade to TypeScript 7

### Description

TypeScript 7 was released today with the compiler rewritten in go with significant performance improvements. The deprecation warnings were fixed in https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/68320 and the compilation time reduced by 4-5x in the RC builds. This can wait for few iterations of bug fixes since this is a complete rewrite though the release was tested in many large code bases.

```
time node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc --p tsconfig.app.json
node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc --p tsconfig.app.json 44.17s user 1.73s system 184% cpu 24.939 total

time npx tsgo --p tsconfig.app.json
npx tsgo --p tsconfig.app.json 24.71s user 2.54s system 457% cpu 5.955 total
```

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/typescript/announcing-typescript-7-0/

### Use case/motivation

Upgrade to TypeScript 7 for performance improvements.

### Related issues

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit a PR?

- [x] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [x] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)