Dynamically change task retries

### Description

The ability for tasks to update their retry count at execution time. The airflow sdk does not currently have a way to mutate task retry metadata so you are stuck with the retry count defined at init.

### Use case/motivation

I have KPO tasks that dynamically adjust resource usage in response to OOM events. I would love the ability to add retries after OOM events but not after other failures.

I can also see this being useful in case of api request timeout code in task execution.

### Related issues

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit a PR?

- [ ] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [x] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)