Support mongo binary various versions

**What happened**:

Current matcher can not detect some pattern
- rc version
- 8.x (8.0.17-noble is detected)
- 7.x (7.0.28-jammy, 7.0.23-jammy, 7.0.22-jammy, 7.0.15, 7.0.0-jammy are detected)
- 3.x.x (3.7.x, 3.5.7, 3.5.8, 3.5.9 are detected)

**Steps to reproduce the issue**:

```
$ syft -q mongo:8.2.4 --override-default-catalogers binary-classifier-cataloger
NAME VERSION TYPE
bash 5.2.21 binary
gzip 1.12 binary
jq 1.7 binary
openssl 3.0.13 binary
util-linux 2.39.3 binary

$ docker run -it --rm mongo:8.2.4 mongod --version
db version v8.2.4
Build Info: {
"version": "8.2.4",
"gitVersion": "60692d74054a0bc73f181179e747815825de38ae",
"openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024",
"modules": [],
"allocator": "tcmalloc-google",
"environment": {
"distmod": "ubuntu2404",
"distarch": "x86_64",
"target_arch": "x86_64"
}
}
```

**Anything else we need to know?**:

If mongodb is installed manually, syft will not detect these mongo

Start with Syft's binary-classifier-cataloger and reproduce the reported result against mongo:8.2.4 using the shown syft command, then compare it with mongod --version. Done means MongoDB binaries are detected for the listed rc, 8.x, 7.x, and 3.x.x version patterns, including manually installed MongoDB.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.