core/post-featured-image link-to-post options don't appear inside wp-curate/query

### Description of the bug

## Summary

When `core/post-featured-image` is placed inside `wp-curate/query` (nested `core/post-template` > `wp-curate/post` > `core/post-featured-image`), the "Link to post" settings panel (link toggle, open-in-new-tab, link relation) does not reliably appear the way it does inside a native `core/query` block.

## Root cause

`core/post-featured-image`'s edit component determines whether it's inside a query loop via block context, specifically the `queryId` value:

```js
// @wordpress/block-library/src/post-featured-image/edit.js
context: { postId, postType: postTypeSlug, queryId },
...
const isDescendentOfQueryLoop = Number.isFinite( queryId );
```
The "Settings" panel containing the link controls is only rendered when:
`( featuredImage || isDescendentOfQueryLoop || ! postId )`

`queryId` context is provided by `core/query`, which has its own `queryId` attribute mapped in its block.json:
```json
"providesContext": {
"queryId": "queryId",
"query": "query",
"displayLayout": "displayLayout",
"enhancedPagination": "enhancedPagination"
}
```

`wp-curate/query` has no `queryId` attribute and its providesContext does not include queryId.

`postId/postType` context still reach `core/post-featured-image` normally (context flows through the whole block tree, not just immediate parents), but `queryId` is always undefined under `wp-curate/query`. As a result `isDescendentOfQueryLoop` evaluates to false, so for any curated post that doesn't already have a stored featured image, the whole "Settings" panel — including the link-to-post controls — is suppressed. It also means the image-replace toolbar behaves as if the block were editing a single, non-loop post rather than a loop item, which is the opposite of the intended "don't let editors swap images for arbitrary posts in a loop" protection core ships with.

### Steps To Reproduce

1. Add a `wp-curate/query` block to a post/page.
2. Inside its core/post-template, add a `wp-curate/post` block, and inside that a core/post-featured-image block.
3. Select a curated post that has no featured image stored yet.
4. Open the block settings sidebar — the "Link to post" panel (isLink / open in new tab / link relation) is missing, unlike the same structure under a native core/query.

### Additional Information

## Suggested fix

Add a queryId attribute to `wp-curate/query` block.json and map it in providesContext:
```json
"attributes": {
"queryId": { "type": "number" },
...
},
"providesContext": {
"queryId": "queryId",
"query": "query",
...
}
```
That alone restores `isDescendentOfQueryLoop` detection for `core/post-featured-image` (and any other core block that keys off queryId, e.g. core/post-template's own behaviors).