Error when using Lock from thread in asyncio

### Things to check first

- [X] I have searched the existing issues and didn't find my bug already reported there

- [X] I have checked that my bug is still present in the latest release

### AnyIO version

4.4.0

### Python version

3.12.5

### What happened?

With the `asyncio` backend, this code fails with `TypeError: cannot create weak reference to 'NoneType' object`. It works with the `trio` backend.

Traceback

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "/home/david/git/pycrdt/foo.py", line 11, in 

    run(main)

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_core/_eventloop.py", line 74, in run

    return async_backend.run(func, args, {}, backend_options)

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2034, in run

    return runner.run(wrapper())

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/asyncio/runners.py", line 118, in run

    return self._loop.run_until_complete(task)

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/asyncio/base_events.py", line 687, in run_until_complete

    return future.result()

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2022, in wrapper

    return await func(*args)

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/git/pycrdt/foo.py", line 9, in main

    await to_thread.run_sync(worker, lock)

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/to_thread.py", line 56, in run_sync

    return await get_async_backend().run_sync_in_worker_thread(

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2177, in run_sync_in_worker_thread

    return await future

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 859, in run

    result = context.run(func, *args)

             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/git/pycrdt/foo.py", line 5, in worker

    from_thread.run_sync(lock.release)

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/from_thread.py", line 80, in run_sync

    return async_backend.run_sync_from_thread(func, args, token=token)

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2239, in run_sync_from_thread

    return f.result()

           ^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 456, in result

    return self.__get_result()

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 401, in __get_result

    raise self._exception

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2230, in wrapper

    f.set_result(func(*args))

                 ^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_core/_synchronization.py", line 202, in release

    if self._owner_task != get_current_task():

                           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_core/_testing.py", line 63, in get_current_task

    return get_async_backend().get_current_task()

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 2484, in get_current_task

    return AsyncIOTaskInfo(current_task())  # type: ignore[arg-type]

           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 1839, in __init__

    task_state = _task_states.get(task)

                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  File "/home/david/micromamba/envs/pycrdt/lib/python3.12/weakref.py", line 452, in get

    return self.data.get(ref(key),default)

                         ^^^^^^^^

TypeError: cannot create weak reference to 'NoneType' object

### How can we reproduce the bug?

```py
from anyio import Lock, from_thread, to_thread, run

def worker(lock):
from_thread.run(lock.acquire)
from_thread.run_sync(lock.release)

async def main():
lock = Lock()
await to_thread.run_sync(worker, lock)

run(main)
```