Low-quality streams selected even when 1080p works fine a browser

For some time now VRT Max seems to preferentially select low-quality streams (often 272p or the next step above). Sometimes the stream will auto-promote to higher resolutions automatically, but in many cases it won't. Restarting may help, but often not. Sometimes we get 1080p, which then works flawlessly.

Opening a browser on a laptop and streaming VRT Max always results in 1080p content, so there does not appear to be an issue with the connection itself.

Kodi is running on a Raspberry Pi v4. The Pi is connected to the modem via a wired connection.

I have found information on limiting the bandwidth, but not on manually forcing only high-quality content. Is there a way to force higher-quality streams? Always selecting 1080p would be fine.

To Reproduce

Play any stream on VRT Max.

Expected behavior

1080p content, just like on a regular browser.

Additional context

Raspberry pi v4 connected via a wired connection (not over wifi)
Kodi: LibreElec 12.0.2, Kodi Omega
Addon version: 2.5.34
No VPN

Start by reproducing playback of any VRT Max stream on the stated LibreELEC and Kodi setup, then trace the add-on's stream-selection path. Compare the selected quality with browser playback and verify that the expected result is reliable 1080p selection without requiring restarts.