[DevHub] Fixing escaping and internationalization mistakes in user contributed notes

I'm creating and updating this issue and plan on collecting issues with user contributed notes in the code reference.

Contributing
This issue will frequently be updated and I encourage you to add mistakes you find in the comments with the following format:

( checkbox ) - Brief issue description - link to comment
( larger issue description if warranted ).

Progress
Currently i've scrubbed function references pages 1 and 2 (of 111 😅). Feel free to start at page 3:
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/page/3/

Missing escapes and sanitation:

• add \absint() around $item_id of this comment to escape as late as possible - reference: WP_Query
• add \esc_html() around $myvar to escape as late as possible - reference: add_action
• change printf statement to code example below this todo - reference: add_action
  printf( esc_html__( 'Comment ID %s could not be found.', 'textdomain' ), \absint( $comment_id ) );
• add sanitize_text_field() around $_POST['wpdocs-meta-name'] in update_post_meta declaration - reference: add_meta_box
• declaration of esc_attr() at the bottom in the textarea should become esc_textarea() - reference: add_meta_box
• add esc_html() around $wp_query->query_vars mentions - reference: add_rewrite_rule
• add esc_attr() to button_attrs['url'] declaration - reference: add_shortcode
• add esc_html() to echo get_site_option() declarations - reference: add_site_option

Strings requiring internationalization:

• strings in this comment - reference: add_action
• string 'Hello World' - reference: add_action
• string 'Hello' - reference: add_action
• strings 'aye!' - reference: add_feed
• missing textdomain in strings 'Square medium' and 'Square large' - reference: add_image_size
• strings 'My WP tool page' and 'My WP tool' - reference: add_management_page
• strings 'My page title', 'Title in the menu' and 'this is the content of the page - reference: add_management_page
  maybe not though, because they seem to more describe the contents of those parameters?
• all capitalized strings in this comment - reference: add_menu_page
• all capitalized strings in this comment - reference: add_menu_page
• string 'Unsubscribe email list' - reference: add_menu_page
• missing textdomain in last code string of this comment - reference: add_menu_page
• all capitalized strings in add_menu_page function call - reference: add_menu_page
• string 'Last modified' - reference: add_meta_box
• string 'Social link' - reference: add_meta_box
• missing textdomain - reference: add_meta_box
• esc_html() declarations should become esc_html__() declarations - reference: add_meta_box
• capitalized strings in this comment - reference: add_rewrite_rule
• string 'Custom subscriber' - reference: add_role, additionally in this comment
• string 'Superintendent' - reference: add_role
• string 'My label' - reference: add_screen_option
• strings 'This is the setting title' and 'Content here' - reference: add_settings_field, additionally this comment
• string 'My new checkbox' - reference: add_settings_field
• string 'WP Custom Setting Section' - reference: add_settings_section
• string 'Hello shortcode' - reference: add_shortcode
• all capitalized strings - reference: add_submenu_page
• strings 'Submenu Title' - reference: add_submenu_page
• strings 'My Custom Submenu Page' - reference: add_submenu_page, also this comment
• strings 'My custom page' - reference: add_submenu_page
• strings 'Product filter by ambient noise' - reference: add_submenu_page

Start at the function reference pages, beginning with page 3, and inspect the linked user-contributed comments listed in the checklist. Work through a focused subset of the unchecked escaping and internationalization items, using each linked reference as the entry point. Done means the selected checklist items are corrected and marked complete.